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Smokestack Lightning
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Wikipedia article
"'Smokestack Lightning'" (also '"Smoke Stack Lightning"' or "'Smokestack Lightnin'") is a blues song recorded by Howlin' Wolf in 1956. It became one of his most popular and influential songs. It is based on earlier blues songs, and numerous artists later interpreted it.
Background
Wolf had performed "Smokestack Lightning" in one form or another at least by the early 1930s,
when he was performing with Charley Patton in small Delta communities. The song, described as "a hypnotic one-chord drone piece",
draws on earlier blues, such as Tommy Johnson's "Big Road Blues",1928, Victor No. 21279 the Mississippi Sheiks' "Stop and Listen Blues",1930, OKeh 8807 and Charley Patton's "Moon Going Down".1930, Paramount 13014
Wolf said the song was inspired by watching trains in the night: "We used to sit out in the country and see the trains go by, watch the sparks come out of the smokestack. That was smokestack lightning." In 1951, he recorded the song as "Crying at Daybreak". It contains the line "O-oh smokestack lightnin', shinin', just like gold, oh don't you hear me cryin'", similar to the Mississippi Sheiks' lyric "A-ah, smokestack lightnin', that bell shine just like gold, now don't you hear me talkin'".
Original song
At Chess' studio in Chicago in January 1956, Howlin' Wolf recorded "Smokestack Lightning". The song takes the form of "a propulsive, one-chord vamp, nominally in E major but with the flatted blue notes that make it sound like E minor", and lyrically it is "a pastiche of ancient blues lines and train references, timeless and evocative". Longtime Wolf guitarist Hubert Sumlin is credited with the distinctive guitar line. Howlin' Wolf sang and played harmonica, backed by pianist Hosea Lee Kennard, guitarists Willie JohnsonWillie Johnson or Pat Hare played on the earlier "Crying at Daybreak". and Hubert Sumlin, bassist Willie Dixon, and drummer Earl Phillips.
In 1956, "Smokestack Lightning" reached number 11 on the 'Billboard' R&B chart.
When it was released by Pye International Records in the UK in 1964, it peaked at number 42 in the singles chart.
It was later included on the albums 'Moanin' in the Moonlight' and 'The Howlin' Wolf Album'.
Recognition
In a song review for AllMusic, Bill Janovitz described "Smokestack Lightning" as "almost like a distillation of the essence of the blues... a pleasingly primitive and raw representation of the blues, pure and chant-like. Wolf truly sounds like a man in otherwise inexpressible agony, flailing for words." In 1999, the song received a Grammy Hall of Fame Award, honoring its lasting historical significance.
'Rolling Stone' magazine ranked it at number 291 in its list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time"
and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included it in its list of the "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll".
In 1985, the song was inducted into the Blues Foundation Hall of Fame in the "Classics of Blues Recordings" category
and, in 2009, it was selected for permanent preservation in the National Recording Registry of the U.S. Library of Congress.
Janovitz also identifies "Smokestack Lightning" as a blues standard "open to varied interpretation, covered by artists ranging from the Yardbirds to Soundgarden, all stamping their personal imprint on the song". Clapton identifies the Yardbirds' performances of the song as the group's most popular live number.
They played it almost every show, and sometimes it could last up to 30 minutes.
One version lasting 5:35 is included on the Yardbirds UK debut album, 'Five Live Yardbirds' (1964) and the US split studio/live album 'Having a Rave Up with The Yardbirds' (1965). Howlin' Wolf reportedly referred to the group's interpretation as "the definitive version of his song".
References
Category:1956 songs
Category:Blues songs
Category:1956 singles
Category:Howlin' Wolf songs
Category:The Yardbirds songs
Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients
Category:United States National Recording Registry recordings
Category:Chess Records singles
Category:Songs about trains
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