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You've Got to Be Carefully Taught
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Wikipedia article
'"You've Got to Be Carefully Taught"' (sometimes "You've Got to Be Taught" or "Carefully Taught") is a show tune from the 1949 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical 'South Pacific'.
'South Pacific' received scrutiny for its commentary regarding relationships between different races and ethnic groups. In particular, "Youve Got to Be Carefully Taught" was subject to widespread criticism, judged by some to be too controversial or downright inappropriate for the musical stage.Andrea Most, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/25068808?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents "Youve Got to Be Carefully Taught: The Politics of Race in Rodgers and Hammersteins South Pacific"], 'Theatre Journal' 52, no. 3 (October 2000), 306. Sung by the character Lieutenant Cable, the song is preceded by a line saying racism is "not born in you! It happens after youre born..."
Rodgers and Hammerstein risked the entire 'South Pacific' venture in light of legislative challenges to its decency or supposed Communist agenda. While the show was on a tour of the Southern United States, lawmakers in Georgia introduced a bill outlawing entertainment containing "an underlying philosophy inspired by Moscow."Most (2000), "Youve Got to Be Carefully Taught," 307. One legislator said that "a song justifying interracial marriage was implicitly a threat to the American way of life." Rodgers and Hammerstein defended their work resolutely. James Michener, upon whose stories 'South Pacific' was based, recalled, "The authors replied stubbornly that this number represented why they had wanted to do this play, and that even if it meant the failure of the production, it was going to stay in."
Cover versions
The song has been covered by Michael Johnson (known for his acoustic guitar arrangements) on his landmark 1973 LP There is a Breeze; Iain Matthews on his 1979 LP 'Stealin' Home'; by Barbra Streisand on her 'Live in Concert 2006' album; by John Pizzarelli on his 2008 album 'With a Song in My Heart'; by Billy Porter on his 2017 album 'The Soul of Richard Rodgers';[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Billy-Porter-Presents-Richard-Rodgers/dp/B06VXDZLCP Billy Porter Presents: The Soul of Richard Rodgers] and by James Taylor on his 2020 album 'American Standard'. Musical theatre veteran Alvin Ing performed the song in his final public performance before his death in 2021, as a way to protest the increased violence against Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
References
Bibliography
* Andrea Most, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/25068808?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents "Youve Got to Be Carefully Taught: The Politics of Race in Rodgers and Hammersteins South Pacific"], 'Theatre Journal' 52, no. 3 (October 2000), 306.Category:1949 songs
Category:Songs against racism and xenophobia
Category:Songs from South Pacific (musical)
Category:Songs with music by Richard Rodgers
Category:Songs with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II
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