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Byo sobie miasteczko...
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Wikipedia article
'Byo sobie miasteczko...' is a 2009 Polish historical documentary film about the 1943 Kisielin massacre in the village of Kisielin (now Kysylyn), located in the Woy Voivodeship in Poland before World War II, (now in Ukraine). The film, directed by Tadeusz Arciuch and Maciej Wojciechowski, was produced by Adam Kruk for Telewizja Polska.
[http://www.filmpolski.pl/fp/index.php/4223299 "BYO SOBIE MIASTECZKO..."] (There once was a town...), National Film School in d (Pastwowa Wysza Szkoa Filmowa, Telewizyjna i Teatralna im. Leona Schillera), d, Poland 1998.
Description
The film tells the story of a small town which, until World War II, belonged to the Second Polish Republic Eastern region of Kresy. People of different nationalities used to live there in peace: Poles, Ukrainians, Jews, Germans, and Czechs. Kisielin was wealthy and prosperous. It had a publishing house, a library, an oil pressing factory, a distillery, a brickyard, and a dairy plant. Today, only ethnic Ukrainian villagers remain. The ruins of a Polish Catholic church serve as witness to the tragedy that took place there during the massacres of Poles in Volhynia. On 11 July 1943, a group of Ukrainian nationalists slaughtered the Polish worshipers inside the Kisielin temple, and set it on fire. The rest of the Polish inhabitants escaped from Kisielin, never to return.Tadeusz Piotrowski, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Mfy2IZcbmHgC&pg=PA36&dq=%22the+church+at+Kisielin+on+July+11,+1943%22&hl=en&ei=TKvYTIKXHo3AsAPal4z0Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22the%20church%20at%20Kisielin%20on%20July%2011%2C%201943%22&f=false 'Genocide and rescue in Woy: recollections of the Ukrainian nationalist ethnic cleansing campaign...'. Page 36.] McFarland, 2000. . 319 pages
The narrators of the film belong to the same Polish family of Dbski originally from Kisielin. Among them: Krzesimir Dbski, his mother Aniela, brother Wisaw, son Radzimir, and niece Ulesawa Lubek. Also, some ethnic Ukrainians make appearances all present day Kisielin inhabitants of whom the majority still remembers those events. The title of the film is taken from a monograph about Kisielin and its inhabitants,Wodzimierz Sawosz Dbski, [http://www.art-styl.eu/bylo-sobie-miasteczko-opowiesc-wolynska-pi-17.html 'Bylo sobie miasteczko. Opowiesc wolynska.'] Book cover. written by Krzesimir Dbski's late father, Wodzimierz Sawosz Dbski.
The music is by Krzesimir Dbski (a classical composer), inspired by his own borderland memories, especially excerpts from his Oratorio to the End of Kresy, composed in commemoration of the victims of Polish genocide in Woy.Grzegorz Motyka, [http://wyborcza.pl/1,86758,5240814,Zapomnijcie_o_Giedroyciu__Polacy__Ukraincy__IPN.html "Zapomnijcie o Giedroyciu,"] Gazeta Wyborcza, 24 May 2008 The world premiere of his work was held on 17 September 2008, at the Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra. The film is not only a story about the murdered Poles of Kisielin, it is also a reflection on the eradication of Polish culture and tradition in the entire region, and the painful legacy that lingers.
Reception
Polish historian and publicist Ewa Siemaszko noted, that many Ukrainians in Volhynia and Lesser Poland today, are afraid to talk about the destroyed Polish settlements and the locations of Polish mass graves in Western Ukraine. The reason for that lies in the politicized mythology surrounding the OUN-UPA death squads in the struggle for Ukrainian independence.Jacek Dytkowski, [http://www.bibula.com/?p=2262 "Nie ma wtpliwoci, e ludobjstwo,"] (No doubt, it was a genocide) after: Nasz Dziennik, roda, 16 lipca 2008, Nr 165 (3182), published by 'Bibula. Pismo niezalezne' with photographs from the collection of E. i W. Siemaszko, 15 July 2008. The OUN-UPA formations used to treat people saving Poles as traitors. Many ethnic Ukrainians paid for such "betrayal" with their lives in World War II. As a result, Poles in Poland who wish to thank those righteous today,Tadeusz Piotrowski, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Mfy2IZcbmHgC&pg=PA36&dq=%22After+the+attack+on+the+church+in+Kisielin%22&hl=en&ei=PK7YTOHnPIzmsQOY0aj3Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22After%20the%20attack%20on%20the%20church%20in%20Kisielin%22&f=false 'Genocide and rescue in Woy: recollections of the Ukrainian nationalist ethnic cleansing campaign...'. Page 36.] McFarland, 2000. . 319 pages try to avoid listing their names on inscriptions and on monuments in fear of reprisal.Anna Cichobaziska, [http://niedziela.pl/artykul_w_niedzieli.php?doc=nd200928&nr=40 "Woy we krwi"] (Woy smeared with blood), interview with Ewa Siemaszko, Tygodnik Katolicki 'Niedziela', 28/2009.
The date of July 11 has a symbolic meaning in the history of Polish genocide in Volhynia. On that Sunday, the OUN-UPA death squads aided by local peasants simultaneously attacked over 100 Polish settlements within the Woy Voivodeship. It was a well-orchestrated attack on people gathered for a Sunday mass at Catholic churches. The towns affected included Kisielin, Poryck, Chrynw, Zaboce, Krymn, with dozens of other towns attacked at different dates with tens of churches and chapels burned to the ground. The Volhynian massacres spread over four prewar voivodeships including Woy with 60,000 victims, as well as Lww, Stanisaww and Tarnopol in Little Poland with 70,000 Poles murdered for the total of 130,000 Polish victims of UPA terror. Wiktor Poliszczuk estimates that 36 thousand Ukrainians died at their hands as well.Tadeusz Piotrowski, [https://books.google.com/books?id=AOBedgrM7BEC&pg=PA22&dq=%22Wiktor+Polisz-czuk+sets+the+number%22&hl=en&ei=t1_ZTJLQKIW8sQOy-InwBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Wiktor%20Polisz-czuk%20sets%20the%20number%22&f=false 'Genocide and rescue in Woy.' Page 22.] McFarland, 2000. . 319 pages
In 2003, the Presidents of Poland and Ukraine, Aleksander Kwaniewski and Leonid Kuchma, paid homage to the victims of ethnic cleansing when they met in Poryck (now Pawliwka). In 2006, Presidents Lech Kaczyski and Viktor Yushchenko met again, to encourage historical reconciliation between the two nations.
See also
* Historiography of the Massacre of Poles in Volhynia
* Janowa Dolina: Destruction of a Polish settlement
* Polish defence of eradicated town of Przebrae
* August 30, 1943 UPA massacre in Ostrwki (including 246 children)
References
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