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For Eyes Only
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Wikipedia article
'For Eyes Only '/'Streng geheim' is an East German espionage film. It was released in 1963.
Plot
1961, West Germany. Hansen is a man who escaped from the German Democratic Republic and now works for an American company called Concordia. In fact, Hansen is an agent of the Stasi, and Concordia is the headquarters of Military Intelligence Division in Germany, from which countless saboteurs and spies have been sent over the border to wreak havoc in East Germany. The United States plans to invade the country, after staging an internal uprising as a provocation to intervene. The plans are held by Collins, Hansen's superior. The latter intends to steal them, but has to evade the suspicions of security officer Rocker, who knows there is a leak. He is assisted by his chauffeur, Frantiek, who discovered his covert identity but intends to help him, in order to return to his homeland Czechoslovakia. The two manage to steal the safe with the invasion plans and cross the border to the East, pursued by the police and army. The plan is uncovered and the invasion has to be canceled.
Cast
* Alfred Mller: Hansen
* Helmut Schreiber: Major Ted Collins
* Ivan Palec: Frantiek
* Hans Lucke: Colonel Rock
* Werner Lierck: Schuck
* Martin Flrchinger: Stasi colonel
* Peter Marx: Hartmann
* Eva-Maria Hagen: Peggy
* Rolf Herricht: Max
* Gerd E. Schfer: Charly
* Christine Laszar: Hella
* Ingrid Ohlenschlger: Liz
* Renate Geiler: Gisela
* Marion van de Kamp: Adelheid
* Eberhard Esche: Stasi agent
* Norbert Flohr: Manfred
* Peter Friedrich: bearded man
* Georg Gudzent: MID general
* Hans Kcke: man with glass eye
Production
The idea to make 'For Eyes Only' was conceived by dramatist Hans Lucke, who also played in the film. Although its main theme the planned invasion of the GDR by American-led NATO forces was a common motif in East German propaganda since the beginning of the Cold War, author Bernd Stver viewed 'For Eyes Only' as the final link in a chain of publications, starting at 1958, intended by the government to demonstrate the necessity of building the Berlin Wall and to justify it after it was erected. Dramatist Heinz Hafke commented that "the Imperialist forces view the Cold War as a never-ending struggle against the Socialist states. The Cold War can become hot instantly, if the forces of peace will let down their guard. In this film, although we used some artistic freedom, we based the plot on actual people and documents... The setting of the story sometime before 13 August 1961 is justified and is supported by fact." Stver claimed that the picture was to give the impression that the planned invasion was prevented by building the wall. This was reinforced by the disclaimer that announced: "Resemblance to real persons is intended".Bernd Stver. 'Die Befreiung vom Kommunismus. Amerikanische 'Liberation Policy' im Kalten Krieg 19471991'. Bhlau (2002). . Pages 591600.
The film's plot was loosely based on three actual espionage affairs: primarily, it was modeled after the case of Horst Hesse, an East German agent who infiltrated the American Military Intelligence Division in 1955 and managed to smuggle out two safes containing classified documents, which allowed the Stasi to uncover some 140 spies. Hesse was celebrated as a hero in East Germany - largely due to the film's success[http://www.defa.de/cms/plakat-zu-for-eyes-only-ein-film-und-seine-geschichte "For Eyes Only"- Ein Film und seine Geschichte.] - but later research established that his role in the operation was exaggerated. The chief protagonist Hansen was meant to allude to him. The invasion plans mentioned in the film were inspired by DECO II, an operational plan of the Bundeswehr to attack the GDR, which was known to the Stasi since 1955 but was granted great publicity in the early 1960s as proof for the danger of imminent invasion. The producers also mentioned MC-96, a NATO plan to use tactical nuclear weapons in East Germany, as another inspiration. The fifth column of Western saboteurs referred to in the film, that were to organize a second '17 June 1953', was based on a network uncovered in 1959, when three American agents related to it were captured in Karl-Marx-Stadt.Thomas Lindenberger (editor). 'Massenmedien im Kalten Krieg: Akteure, Bilder, Resonanzen'. Bhlau Verlag (2006). . Pages 6275.
The producers received full cooperation from the Stasi, and several officers from the service were used as consultants. Director Jnos Veiczi saw actor Alfred Mller in theater, playing Phileas Fogg, and offered him the main role. Principal photography took place in Leipzig. Mller, who had no driving license, was only shot in the Opel Kapitn used in the filming when it was pushed or towed, while a member of the production team drove it in the car chase scenes.Brbel Beuchler. '[http://www.superillu.de/kino-tv/_For_eyes_only__264708.html Der James Bond aus dem Osten] '. Superillu, 25 April 2007.
Reception
The film was viewed by 800,000 people in the first month after its release, and also exported to other Eastern Bloc countries, selling 9,000,000 tickets overall. On 5 October 1964, Veiczi and writer Harry Thrk both received the National Prize of East Germany, 3rd Class for 'For Eyes Only'[http://www.defa.de/cms/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=598 DEFA chronicle of 1964.] Erich Mielke had personally awarded the National People's Army Medal of Merit to Thrk, editor Christel Ehrlich, the dramatists and the leading actors. Composer Gnter Hauk was awarded the Heinrich Greif Prize on 17 May 1966, in recognition of his work on the picture's soundtrack.[http://www.defa.de/cms/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=600 DEFA chronicle of 1966.]
The film was received in a highly positive manner in the East German press: on 23 July 1963, the critic of the 'Schweriner Volkszeitung' wrote: "it is thrilling, because its plot is true: a real plan to invade our country existed, but had to be canceled after 13 August 1961." On 10 August 1963, a commentator in 'Das Freie Wort' noted "there is nothing fictional in there... Bonn constantly declares its intention to 'free' East Germany."
Peter Ulrich Wei, who researched Cold War media in East Germany, pointed out that the film presented a highly politicized portrayal of the characters: Stasi agent Hansen was depicted as humane and devoted to his country, while being contrasted with the West Germans: he was only suspected, as one of the MID personnel tells in the film, because "he is the only one from the East... and the only one to have served during World War II merely as an infantry corporal. All the rest of our German employees have all either been in the SD or the Gestapo, or at the least in the SS." The Americans in the film - whose authenticity was enhanced by having the actors speak in American English, with a German dubbing over it - were all negative characters: one is active in trading stolen art, others are serial fornicators and another makes antisemitic remarks. One more Cold War token figure was the Czechoslovak driver of Hansen, who longs to return to his Socialist homeland. When he realizes his employer is a spy, he volunteers to help him in exchange for being allowed to flee with him to East Germany.Uta A. Balbier, Christiane Rsch (editors). 'Umworbener Klassenfeind: das Verhltnis der DDR zu den USA'. Links (2006). . Page 164167. Daniela Berghahn considered 'For Eyes Only' as the most famous and successful spy thriller ever made in the GDR.Daniela Berghahn. 'Hollywood Behind the Wall: the Cinema of East Germany'. . Page 41.
References
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