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Break-through

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Wikipedia article




'Break-through' is an 11-minute 1944 Canadian documentary film, made by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) as part of the wartime 'Canada Carries On' series.Lerner 1997, p. 1051. The film documents the attack on Fortress Europe during the Second World War and the advance of Allied forces to the borders of Nazi Germany. 'Break-through' was produced by James Beveridge. The film's French version title is 'L'assaut'.

Synopsis



On June 6, 1944, supported by an immense naval armada, Allied troops, including the First Canadian Army, led by General Harry Crerar, launch an amphibious invasion of Normandy, France. Facing a fierce resistance by Nazi forces, the Allied armies establish a beachhead on the Normandy coast.

Seeking redemption after their earlier rout at the Dieppe raid in 1942, the Canadians are able to gain control of Juno Beach. Before regrouping for an advance into France, Allied troops are replenished by transport of war materil and reinforcements. The Canadian contingent is tasked with an attack on Caen, France, held by the German 7th Army.

In the Normandy countryside, a pin-point Allied bombing campaign, along with marauding fighter-bombers, begins to wreak havoc on the enemy defences. Fleets of Supermarine Spitfires and Hawker Typhoons, likewise, sweep the skies in front of them. The extremely close cooperation and coordination between the Canadian air and ground forces enable the First Canadian Army to steadily advance on Caen.

By the end of June, bitter street fighting in Caen gives way to attacks in the hedgerows beyond the city, with the Canadians continually forcing the Nazi defenders back. In liberating Caen, the Canadian troops enter a devastated city, yet are warmly greeted by its remaining French citizens. Simultaneous Allied attacks throughout France lead to the liberation of Marseilles, Toulon, Bourdeaux and even Paris.

Joining with other Allied forces, the Canadians encircle the remaining enemy forces in the Falaise Pocket, resulting in the collapse of the German defence lines and the capture of the trapped Nazi 7th Army. As the Canadian troops continue their relentless advance eastward to the borders of Nazi Germany, a stark comparison between Canada's "citizen army" and the ruthless and desperate conscripted Nazi soldiers, is clearly evident.

Cast



* General Harry Crerar as Himself (archival footage)

* Correspondent Ross Munro as Himself (archival footage)

* General Bernard Montgomery as Himself (archival footage)

* General Dwight D. Eisenhower as Himself (archival footage)

* Marshal of the Royal Air Force Arthur Tedder as Himself (archival footage)

Production



Typical of the NFB's Second World War documentary short films in the 'Canada Carries On' series, 'Break-through' was created as a morale boosting propaganda film. The film was a compilation documentary that relied heavily on combat footage shot by the Canadian armed forces, and the film units of the U.S. Army Signal Corps and the British Army, edited by producer James Beveridge to provide a coherent message.Morris, Peter. [http://www.filmreferencelibrary.ca/index.asp?layid=44&csid1=615&navid=66 "Film Reference Library: Canada Carries On."] 'Canadian Film Encyclopedia'. Retrieved: March 6, 2016.

The deep baritone voice of stage actor Lorne Greene was featured in the narration of 'Break-through'. Greene was known for his work on radio broadcasts as a news announcer at 'CBC', as well as narrating many of the 'Canada Carries On' series.Bennett 2004, p. 254. His sonorous recitation led to his nickname, "The Voice of Canada", and to some observers, the "voice-of-God".Rist 2001, p. 84. When reading grim battle statistics or narrating a particularly serious topic, he was known as "The Voice of Doom".[https://tkmorin.wordpress.com/2013/01/16/bonanzas-canadian-lorne-greene/ "Bonanza's Canadian Lorne Greene."] 'Bite Size Canada'. Retrieved: March 6, 2016.

Reception



'Break-through' was produced in 35 mm for the theatrical market. Each film was shown over a six-month period as part of the shorts or newsreel segments in approximately 800 theatres across Canada. The NFB had an arrangement with Famous Players theatres to ensure that Canadians from coast-to-coast could see them, with further distribution by Columbia Pictures.Ellis and McLane 2005, p. 122.

After the six-month theatrical tour ended, individual films were made available on 16 mm to schools, libraries, churches and factories, extending the life of these films for another year or two. They were also made available to film libraries operated by university and provincial authorities. A total of 199 films were produced before the series was canceled in 1959.Ohayon, Albert. [http://blog.nfb.ca/2009/07/13/propaganda-cinema/ "Propaganda cinema at the NFB".] 'National Film Board of Canada', July 13, 2009. Retrieved: March 6, 2016.

See also



* 'Road to the Reich' (1945)

* 'The War Is Over' (1945)

References



Notes



Bibliography



* Bennett, Linda Greene. 'My Father's Voice: The Biography of Lorne Greene'. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, Inc., 2004. .

* Ellis, Jack C. and Betsy A. McLane. 'New History of Documentary Film'. London: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005. .

* Lerner, Loren. 'Canadian Film and Video: A Bibliography and Guide to the Literature'. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997. .

* Rist, Peter. 'Guide to the Cinema(s) of Canada'. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. .


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