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The Battle of Brains
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Wikipedia article
'The Battle of Brains' is a 13-minute 1941 Canadian documentary film, made by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) as part of the wartime 'Canada Carries On' series.Lerner 1997, p. 1051. The film, directed by Stanley Hawes and produced by Stuart Legg, contrasted modern warfare with the First World War. The film's French version title is 'Sur le front scientifique'.
Synopsis
During the First World War, campaigns were frozen into inaction, mired in a trench warfare stalemate that lasted years. During the Second World War, the lessons of the last war were not learned as France built a supposedly "impregnable" Maginot Line. In 1940, the static Maginot fortifications were easily outflanked by Nazi Germany's rapid mechanized legions.
In modern mechanized ground warfare, both Great Britain and Canada learned the principles of tactical warfare and applied them in training and in battle. In Africa, Empire armoured units were successful in traversing large expanses of the Sahara Desert, successfully launching surprise attacks against Axis forces.
War has not only become a battle of "men and machines" but also of "brains". In Canada, scientists at the National Research Council (NRC), university and industrial laboratories are in the forefront of research. The close relationship of science and warfare is evident when Andrew McNaughton, the former head of the NRC, became the commanding officer of the First Canadian Infantry Division (part of VII Corps).
Canadian scientists and technicians use wind tunnels to design aircraft, decompression chambers to help pilots cope with battle at high altitudes, X-rays to test forgings, and create precise measuring instruments to ensure that cannon barrels are made to exacting standards. Science has also been harnessed to create other potent weapons of war such as aircraft and submarines. New technology has been introduced to make weapons more effective including the use of radio direction finders and degaussing apparatus on ships to protect against magnetic mines and torpedoes.
With scientists and military tacticians working together, weapons of war have now become more effective and proved the value of "the battle of brains".
Cast
* General Andrew McNaughton
Production
Typical of the NFB's Second World War documentary short films in the 'Canada Carries On' series, 'The Battle of Brains' was made in cooperation with the Director of Public Information, Herbert Lash.[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/37352863/ "Recognize leadership of Winnipeg women."]'The Winnipeg Tribune', April 18, 1941. Retrieved: February 6, 2016. The film was created as a morale boosting propaganda film.Morris, Peter. [http://www.filmreferencelibrary.ca/index.asp?layid=44&csid1=615&navid=66 "Film Reference Library: Canada Carries On."] 'Canadian Film Encyclopedia'. Retrieved: February 6, 2016. 'The Battle of Brains' was a compilation documentary that relied heavily on newsreel material including "enemy" footage, in order to provide the background to the dialogue. Additional on location photography at Canadian aircraft and munitions factories came from Stuart Legg.
The deep baritone voice of stage actor Lorne Greene was featured in the narration of 'The Battle of Brains'. Greene, known for his work on both radio broadcasts as a news announcer at 'CBC' as well as narrating many of the 'Canada Carries On' series.Bennett 2004, p. 254. His sonorous recitation led to his nickname, "The Voice of Canada", and to some observers, the "voice-of-God".Rist 2001, p. 84. When reading grim battle statistics or narrating a particularly serious topic, he was known as "The Voice of Doom".[https://tkmorin.wordpress.com/2013/01/16/bonanzas-canadian-lorne-greene/ "Bonanza's Canadian Lorne Greene."] 'Bite Size Canada'. Retrieved: February 6, 2016.
Reception
'The Battle of Brains' was produced in 35 mm for the theatrical market. Each film was shown over a six-month period as part of the shorts or newsreel segments in approximately 800 theatres across Canada. The NFB had an arrangement with Famous Players theatres to ensure that Canadians from coast-to-coast could see them, with further distribution by Columbia Pictures.Ellis and McLane 2005, p. 122.
After the six-month theatrical tour ended, individual films were made available on 16 mm to schools, libraries, churches and factories, extending the life of these films for another year or two. They were also made available to film libraries operated by university and provincial authorities. A total of 199 films were produced before the series was canceled in 1959.Ohayon, Albert. [http://blog.nfb.ca/2009/07/13/propaganda-cinema/ "Propaganda cinema at the NFB".] 'National Film Board of Canada', July 13, 2009. Retrieved: February 6, 2016.
See also
* 'The Home Front' (1940), a NFB documentary on the role of women on the home front in the Second World War
* 'Rosies of the North' (1999), a NFB documentary on the Canadian Car and Foundry in the Second World War
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
* Bennett, Linda Greene. 'My Father's Voice: The Biography of Lorne Greene'. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, Inc., 2004. .
* Ellis, Jack C. and Betsy A. McLane. 'New History of Documentary Film'. London: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005. .
* Lerner, Loren. 'Canadian Film and Video: A Bibliography and Guide to the Literature'. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997. .
* Rist, Peter. 'Guide to the Cinema(s) of Canada'. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. .
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