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Ganga Bruta

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Wikipedia article




'Ganga Bruta' (literally translated as "Brutal Gang"; also known as 'Rough Diamond') is a 1933 Brazilian drama film directed by Humberto Mauro. Starring Durval Bellini and Da Selva, it follows a man who, after killing his wife on their wedding night, moves to a city where he becomes part of a love triangle. It was produced between 1931 and 1932 for Adhemar Gonzaga at his studio Cindia.

On its initial release, the film was highly criticized and its poor viewing figures resulted in financial losses for the distribution company, but later critics and film directors expressed praise for it. Cinema Novo's Glauber Rocha considered it to be one of the best Brazilian films of all time, a title that would be recognized by the Brazilian Film Critics Association in 2015.

Plot



Marcos, a rich engineer, discovers on his wedding night that his bride was not a virgin and murders her in the bridal chamber. Despite the sensation caused in the media by the resultant case, Marcos is acquitted and moves to Guaraba in an attempt to put the affair behind him. He finds a job managing the construction of a factory and becomes a co-worker of Dcio, who lives with his paralyzed mother and Snia, his adoptive sister. Snia, who is engaged to Dcio, is attracted to Marcos and although he is initially unaware of her feelings, he eventually acknowledges that he has fallen in love with her. After discovering that Marcos has seduced Snia, Dcio swears to kill him, but a fight culminates in Dcio's death instead. At the end of the film, Marcos and Snia get married.

Cast



* Durval Bellini as Marcos

* Da Selva as Snia

* Lu Marival as Marcos' wife

* Dcio Murillo as Dcio

* Andra Duarte as Dcio's mother

* Alfredo Nunes as butler

* Ivan Villar as servant

Production



The film was initially called 'Dana das Chamas' (lit. "Dance of Flames"). Raul Schnoor, Tamar Moema, and Ruth Gentil were planned to take starring roles, with shooting taking place in Amazonas and Par. The film was eventually shot with a different cast in Ilha das Cobras and Quinta da Boa Vista, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and in Guaxindiba, So Gonalo, Rio de Janeiro between September 2, 1931 and October 21, 1932, using a hand-held camera.

'Ganga Bruta' was the sixth feature film directed by Humberto Mauro and his second for film studio Cindia, a company owned by Adhemar Gonzaga. Gonzaga, who was the film producer, conceived it as a silent film with a score recorded on disk and synchronized to the film during its exhibition. When it was almost finished, however, Gonzaga agreed to adding voices recorded on Vitaphone, a change prompted by the advent of sound films and their rise in popularity in the Brazilian market during the production of the film.

Reception and analysis



The film was first released on May 29, 1933 in the Alhambra cinema in Rio de Janeiro. It was not well received on its release; 'Ganga Bruta' was labeled "the worst film of all time" by critics and resulted in "huge financial losses" for Cindia. 'Time Out Rio de Janeiro' stated that "It was roundly rejected by traditional critics and short-sighted viewers." Opinions were revised after its restoration in 1952 for a screening at the 1st Brazilian Cinema Retrospective, when it "deeply impressed" the directors who would be part of Cinema Novo movement in the 1960s and 1970s. For example, Glauber Rocha was especially impressed and later cited it as "one of the 20 best films of all time" in his book 'Reviso Crtica do Cinema Brasileiro'. Another film director, Walter Lima Jr., declared, "there are two films that are such clear archetypes of Brazil's eternal quest, namely 'Limite' and 'Ganga Bruta'. They represent something that you have to polish and something that determines its own space, suggesting at the same time that something more exists beyond its confines." In 2015 it would be further recognized by the Brazilian Film Critics Association as the 24th best Brazilian film of all time on its Top 100.

Randal Johnson and Robert Stam, writers of 'Brazilian Cinema', called the film "Mauro's masterpiece", saying that it "creatively melds the cinematic styles of expressionism and Soviet montage". 'Encyclopedia of Contemporary Latin American and Caribbean Cultures's Daniel Balderston, Mike Gonzalez and Ana M. Lopez wrote that the film is "magisterial", combining lyricism, naturalism and expressionism. Writing in 'South American Cinema: A Critical Filmography', Peter Rist praised its music, saying "Mauro's audio-visual mlange" has a "full lyrical effect". Georges Sadoul, author of 'Dictionary of Films', noted that "despite its silly and conventional plot, this [is] Humberto Mauro's best film and a landmark in the history of Brazilian cinema." Sadoul suggested the industrial elements were used as "erotic symbols", and compared a scene to Luis Buuel's film 'l'. French critic Jacques Lourcelles asserted the main theme of 'Ganga Bruta' is violence, alongside which is "an atmosphere of both carnal and cosmic eroticism". Writing for the book 'Le cinma brsilien', Carlos Roberto de Souza commented that "there are Freudian and surreal echoes" in the film.

References




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